77%
Confidence
Belief overview
Razão crítica e evidência
Crenças e políticas devem ser avaliadas com pensamento crítico e atenção às evidências.
3
Supportive
0
Contrary
1
Neutral
O que é: O humanismo secular valoriza uso da razão crítica, do debate informado e da evidência pública na formação de crenças e decisões coletivas.
Como a posição entende: Autoridades devem ser questionáveis e argumentos precisam ser examinados em espaço público aberto.
Base e contexto: Essa atitude dialoga com Iluminismo, ciência moderna, educação laica e cultura democrática.
Debates e variações: Alguns autores alertam para não reduzir toda a vida humana a racionalidade técnica; o ideal continua sendo razão crítica combinada com sensibilidade ética.
Documentary evidence
Supportive
Humanist Manifesto I (1933)
A classic manifesto of organized modern humanism.
Reference: Humanist Manifesto I (1933).
Content: The document presents a non-supernaturalist humanist vision with emphasis on reason, social ethics, and cultural reconstruction.
Use in debate: It is an important milestone in the modern formulation of organized humanism.
Paul Kurtz, What Is Secular Humanism?
An influential explanation of modern secular humanism.
Reference: Paul Kurtz, essays such as What Is Secular Humanism?.
Content: Kurtz articulates ethics, reason, science, freedom, and human responsibility without appeal to an obligatory supernatural realm.
Use in debate: It is a central source for the contemporary definition of the movement.
UNESCO and education for global citizenship
Critical education, cooperation, and civic responsibility.
Reference: UNESCO documents on education and global citizenship.
Content: The materials emphasize critical thinking, democratic coexistence, rights, and shared responsibility.
Use in debate: They are useful for critical education and responsibility for the common world.
Neutral
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Humanism
An academic synthesis of concepts and the history of humanism.
Reference: Academic entry on humanism in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Content: The text summarizes historical, philosophical, and ethical variants of humanism.
Use in debate: It is a useful neutral reference for conceptual classification.