70%
Confidence
Belief overview
Existência de um criador
O universo é entendido como obra de uma inteligência criadora.
2
Supportive
0
Contrary
2
Neutral
O que é: O deísmo afirma a existência de um criador ou causa inteligente do universo.
Como a posição entende: Esse criador é reconhecido principalmente pela razão, pela ordem do cosmos e por argumentos filosóficos, sem depender necessariamente de revelações particulares.
Base e contexto: A crença aparece em tratados de religião natural e em debates modernos sobre causa primeira e desenho racional do mundo.
Debates e variações: Algumas correntes falam de Deus pessoal em sentido mínimo; outras preferem linguagem mais abstrata sobre inteligência suprema.
Documentary evidence
Supportive
Herbert of Cherbury, De Veritate
A work often associated with the foundations of English deism.
Reference: Edward Herbert of Cherbury, De Veritate.
Content: The work defends common notions of religion universally accessible to human reason.
Use in debate: It is a classic reference for natural religion and rational knowledge of God.
Matthew Tindal, Christianity as Old as the Creation
A central work of English deism on religion as old as creation.
Reference: Matthew Tindal, Christianity as Old as the Creation.
Content: Tindal argues that true religion is as old as creation and accessible to reason, not dependent on exclusive late revelations.
Use in debate: It is one of the most important classical formulations of deistic natural religion.
Neutral
Thomas Aquinas, Five Ways
Classical arguments for God without initial dependence on particular revelation.
Reference: Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, First Part, question 2, article 3.
Content: The Five Ways offer philosophical arguments for the existence of God from the created world.
Use in debate: They function as a partial support for natural theology, though in a framework much broader than deism.
William Paley, Natural Theology
A classic natural theology with conclusions more theistic than deistic.
Reference: William Paley, Natural Theology.
Content: Paley argues from order and purpose in nature in favor of an intelligent designer.
Use in debate: It is useful as a source of proximity to deism at the point of natural theology, although it does not share all its conclusions.